Baking soda, or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃), is a white crystalline powder with mild alkaline properties that dissolves in water, serving versatile roles in daily life: as a culinary leavening agent, it releases carbon dioxide to make baked goods like cakes and bread rise; for cleaning, it effectively deodorizes, removes stains from kitchen surfaces, freshens refrigerators, and cleans cookware without scratching; in household and personal care, it regulates pH in homemade cleaners, acts as a gentle skincare exfoliant, and soothes minor skin irritations. To maintain its quality, store it in a cool, dry place to prevent clumping and avoid contact with strong acids to prevent excessive foaming.
Parameter Category | Details |
Chemical Formula | NaHCO₃ (Sodium Bicarbonate) |
Appearance | White crystalline powder, odorless |
Solubility | Soluble in water (approximately 9.6 g/100 mL at 20°C); insoluble in ethanol |
pH Value | Mildly alkaline, with a 1% aqueous solution pH ranging from 8.3 to 8.4 |
Melting/Decomposition Point | Decomposes around 50°C (releases CO₂ and water); no fixed melting point |
Storage Stability | Stable under cool, dry conditions; absorbs moisture easily, leading to clumping if exposed to humidity |
Chemical Compatibility | Reacts with strong acids (e.g., vinegar, hydrochloric acid) to produce CO₂ gas, causing foaming |
Baking Essential: Sodium bicarbonate acts as a leavening agent in cakes, bread, and pastries, releasing carbon dioxide to make them rise.
Household Cleaning: Baking soda effectively removes stains from surfaces, cleans cookware, and deodorizes refrigerators and carpets.
Laundry Booster: Sodium Bicarbonate enhances detergent performance, brightens whites, and softens fabrics during washing.
Drain Maintenance: When mixed with vinegar, NaHCO₃ creates a fizzing reaction to break down debris and unclog drains.
Appliance Care: Safely removes grime from ovens, microwaves, and coffee makers without harsh chemicals.